This cross-sectional study describes potential cost savings for both insured and uninsured users of brand-name inhalers in the US.

To the Editor We were startled by the Viewpoint by Brender et al. We appreciate that the authors identify and anticipate serious implications of such artificial intelligence (AI), particularly related to their discussion of “practical and normative considerations.”

This study assesses the association of citywide doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis guideline release with reported chlamydia, gonorrhea, and early syphilis cases in men who have sex with men and in transgender women in San Francisco, California.

This randomized clinical trial evaluates the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions of varying intensities in the lung cancer screening setting.

This cross-sectional study examines the implications of hospital closures and Section 5506 of the Affordable Care Act for graduate medical education–associated funding in the US.

A study that was included in “Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Incorporating Individual Patient Data,” published in JAMA Internal Medicine online on March 16, 2015, and in the May 2015 issue, was retracted after the meta-analysis was conducted and published. The following notice has been added to the article: “Correction: This meta-analysis was published before 1 of the included studies was retracted. A reanalysis without that study does not affect the reported results.” This article was corrected online.

Health Care Policy

The Teachable Moment titled “Opioid-Induced Adrenal Insufficiency,” published online on May 13, 2024, and in the July 2024 issue, was corrected to fix an error in the unit of measurement for serum cortisol values. Where it previously read “6.6, 17.2, and 19.2 μg/mL,” it now correctly reads “6.6, 17.2, and 19.2 μg/dL.” This article was corrected online.

As physicians, most of us are aware of the high prevalence of burnout and depression among medical students, residents, our colleagues, and at times, ourselves. Existing data suggest that, overall, we start our professional journey in medicine with similar or better mental health and lower levels of burnout than other college graduates. However, once we are in medical school and postgraduate education, many of us experience high levels of chronic stress that contribute to depression, burnout, and other forms of distress; these conditions are experienced, on average, at levels higher than in other professions.

This cohort study assesses the severity and long-term mortality of COVID-19, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus in a large cohort of nonhospitalized veterans.

This JAMA Internal Medicine Patient Page describes the role and challenges of caring for a loved one with cancer.

To the Editor The Viewpoint by Manne-Goehler et al on developing a sustainable pathway for obesity care with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) is timely and addresses a critical issue for the future of effective obesity management. This article highlights the urgent need to explore not only the coverage and optimal treatment duration for GLP-1RAs but also strategies for off-ramping, defined as “the tapering or withdrawal of a GLP-1RA after [the optimal] treatment period and its replacement by an alternative approach to weight maintenance.” The authors propose a research agenda focused on studying safe off-ramping strategies, including approaches that integrate a Food is Medicine approach, define the optimal duration of GLP-1RA therapy before off-ramping, explore broader health and metabolic implications of off-ramping, and identify factors that predict successful transitions and long-term maintenance of outcomes for patients.

This cross-sectional study identifies variables in cardiac biomarker testing and their association with acute coronary syndrome incidence among adults visiting the emergency department.

In the Original Investigation titled “GLP-1RA vs DPP-4i Use and Rates of Hyperkalemia and RAS Blockade Discontinuation in Type 2 Diabetes,” published online on August 12, 2024, and in the October 2024 issue, the colors were reversed in the key for panels A and C in the Figure; in both panels, the yellow line is meant to represent dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is), and the blue line is meant to represent glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs). Additionally, in the last sentence of the “GLP-1RA vs DPP-4i Use and Persistence of RASi Therapy” subsection, the 12-month absolute risk data for the GLP-1RA group were incorrectly attributed to the DPP-4i group, and vice versa; and there was a rounding error in the weighted risk difference values. This article has been corrected.

This Viewpoint discusses how integration of social and legal services can deliver individual-level care that addresses health-related social needs such as food and housing security.

This cross-sectional study examines prescription claims for contraceptives and medications for opioid use disorder among commercially insured women in the US from 2016 to 2021.

The novel antiobesity medications, including semaglutide and tirzepatide, represent a marked advance in obesity treatment, not only because they are effective at inducing weight loss, but also because they meaningfully improve health outcomes across a range of conditions that often co-occur with obesity. However, allocation of these medications remains a challenge. In response to high costs and global supply shortages, payers have implemented coverage restrictions, including requiring participation in structured comprehensive lifestyle intervention (CLI) programs. On its face, requiring participation in a lifestyle modification program appears evidence-based, as clinical trials of novel antiobesity medications incorporated lifestyle modification programs. However, as noted in the Viewpoint by Golovaty and Hagan published in JAMA Internal Medicine, requiring participation in such programs risks exacerbating disparities in access to novel antiobesity medications, as people who have the fewest resources may be least able to participate.

To the Editor Blumenthal and Jellinek discuss a framework to help physicians choose an employer based on 3 organizational characteristics: governance, reward systems, and culture. They provide questions to ask, which in turn, can be used in decision-making.

This cross-sectional study compares the disaggregated mortality rates and leading causes of death among Asian American and Pacific Islander individuals.

Health Care Policy

This systematic review and network meta-analysis evaluates the effectiveness and safety of antiviral treatment for patients with nonsevere influenza and thus support an update of World Health Organization guidelines on antiviral treatment for influenza.

This comparative effectiveness research study uses target trial emulation to examine the effectiveness of individual sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors canagliflozin or dapagliflozin compared with empagliflozin using a composite outcome.

We are in an unprecedented time in the global fight against bacterial and viral sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The US is experiencing stratospheric numbers of new syphilis infections, with record-setting rates of congenital syphilis and ample evidence of severe sequelae, including neuroinvasion and ocular disease. The incidence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae continues to rise, especially in men, and extremely drug-resistant gonorrhea (with resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and macrolides) is well established in Southeast Asia and has emerged in Europe, Australia, and the US. The increasing role of sexual transmission of mpox in several countries in Africa, most notably the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is having devastating consequences, prompting the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare a public health emergency of international concern last month, and the importation of new clades across borders is already occurring.

This cohort study compares kidney outcomes between initiation of empagliflozin vs dapagliflozin in adults with type 2 diabetes who were receiving antihyperglycemic treatment.

To the Editor I appreciate the call by Brender et al to thoughtfully consider the place of artificial intelligence (AI) in serious illness conversations. As a hospice and palliative medicine fellow, I frequently engage in challenging conversations. I wish to elaborate on some of the moral and ethical challenges that accompany the use of AI in serious illness conversations.