This narrative review explores treatment with surgical aortic valve replacement vs transcatheter aortic valve implantation in older adults with severe symptomatic calcific aortic stenosis, including the type and timing of valve replacement.

This work discusses unfettering methadone from outdated regulations to empower patients to access treatment and advocate for methadone's expansion in their local communities by working with pharmacies and local health systems.

To the Editor We read with great interest the recent randomized clinical trial assessing the effect of bisoprolol in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who are at high risk for exacerbation. The study found that bisoprolol did not reduce the number of self-reported COPD exacerbations requiring oral corticosteroids, antibiotics, or both. Although the study provides valuable insights, we would like to express some concerns about the findings.

Over the past 5 decades, clinical outcomes have significantly improved for children with cancer through the availability of new treatment regimens. However, these advancements come with treatment-related symptomatic toxicities such as nausea, fatigue, and pain that often go undetected by care teams, leading to preventable suffering and avoidable downstream consequences such as hospitalizations.

In Reply We appreciate the comments provided by Drs Lin and Huang. In theory, randomized trials could generate unbiased estimates of donor risk; however, randomized trials of living kidney donation are not ethically feasible. The best possible approach is to conduct a multicenter prospective cohort study that enrolls donors and nondonors with similar indicators of baseline health and follows them with minimal loss to follow-up for outcomes. We conducted such a study to produce estimates of kidney donation–attributable risk with a low risk of bias, achieving the highest score for methodological quality on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

This phase 2 randomized clinical trial evaluates the optimal dose, dosing interval, and safety of zerlasiran, a small-interfering RNA targeting hepatic synthesis of apolipoprotein(a), to treat patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and elevated lipoprotein(a) concentration.

After the US Food and Drug Administration first authorized a medical device that harnessed artificial intelligence (AI) to assist in colonoscopies in 2021, the use of this computer-aided detection technology has grown. Now, new research shows that AI-assisted colonoscopies result in the detection of more polyps and adenomas than traditional methods with only a minimal increase in procedure time.

To the Editor A recent study reported no significant difference in the risk of hypertension and albuminuria among living kidney donors and nondonors over a median follow-up of 7.3 years. In their Editorial, Drs Lorenz and Winkelmayer outlined some limitations of this study, and we have some additional concerns about the results.

The modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN) vaccine is approved in several countries for use in the prevention of mpox and smallpox in adults. New research suggests it’s also safe and produces an immune response in adolescents, a population affected by the current clade I mpox outbreak.

A follow-up of a randomized clinical trial found that positive effects of empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, were seen up to a year after patients with chronic kidney disease stopped treatment.

Although about three-fourths of people using short-acting, reversible contraception reported receiving it in person in a US survey, only about a third considered that their most preferred way to obtain birth control. The findings from a nationally representative survey, published in JAMA Network Open, highlight a need for expanded access to alternative sources, the authors noted.

As the gambling industry continues to transform through digitalization and the rapid rise of online betting options, a new systematic review and meta-analysis in The Lancet Public Health suggests that an estimated 80 million adults globally experience gambling disorder or problematic gambling.

Most transgender youth who received medical interventions including puberty blockers or hormones expressed satisfaction with their treatment, according to a study published in JAMA Pediatrics.

This Viewpoint discusses helping dual-eligible beneficiaries navigate Medicare and Medicaid coverage options.

The results from a small randomized trial suggest that eating a low-carbohydrate diet without caloric restriction may improve β-cell function in some individuals with type 2 diabetes and help them better manage their disease, possibly without medication.

Listen to the JAMA Editor’s Summary for an overview and discussion of the important articles appearing in JAMA.

This Medical News article discusses XEC, the new SARS-CoV-2 “variant under monitoring” that’s gaining ground around the world.

To the Editor A recent study provided substantial insights into the long-term health outcomes of living kidney donors. However, important considerations about genetic predisposition and the potential influence of the COVID-19 pandemic warrant further discussion.

This Medical News article is an interview with FDA Commissioner Robert Califf, MD, about the agency’s regulatory powers over artificial intelligence tools for use in health care and biomedicine.

Passport stored in a basket, I press my face to a halo pillow so someone will touch and touch me. I wait within a synthetic cadence of ocean waves’ crescendos. The body is a lonely crossroads. At first you only hover, flutter. Then you lash and drub me like the sea. Your oiled hands stretch and strain. Your joints pass bone to bore into muscle. You keep me close to whimpers. For this I paid, but not so dearly. To see your eyes would be a violation, though I can’t say why. I feel your work is tougher than mine, for which I accumulate currently one point three vacation days per month. Plus sick leave. Your knuckles dig and ripple to unknot my pathetic stress. Soon a timer’s ding will send me back onto a sunlit sidewalk. Other things ding: Pavlov, Wall Street, boxing rings. One distal octave of piano keys. Buoys for boats lost in fog. Why do I hurt for tenderness— for fingertips, even accidentally, to brush the edge of my ear? I’m afraid to know your name or to learn of your many sustainings. The body can be a teeming reef, but the self’s a broken archipelago. I’m just the client in room 5. Soon I will go. But I’ll remember these impressions: ocean crest and break and cool caress—a place where pain almost ebbed away.

Studies that link coronary heart disease (CHD) to the status of health during childhood concentrate on three main areas: (1) elevated levels of cholesterol and triglicerides, even in infancy, (2) genetic inclination to CHD in children of CHD victims, and (3) histological differences in the structure of the coronary vessel wall in children of families with higher or lower incidence of CHD.

This study compares differences in caregiver-reported hospice quality across categories of ownership, including for-profit private equity firm (PEF)/publicly traded company (PTC)–owned and non-PEF/PTC–owned hospices as well as not-for-profit–owned hospices.

This study examines the characteristics of academic researchers who obtained US government–linked drug patents.

In Reply We appreciate the interest in the Bisoprolol in COPD Study (BICS) from Drs Hsu and Lai. This was a pragmatic study to investigate the effect of bisoprolol on exacerbations in patients with COPD in the UK National Health Service, with any subgroup analysis considered exploratory and hypothesis generating. Moreover, the interpretation of any subgroup analyses in BICS is particularly limited because study recruitment was curtailed by the COVID-19 pandemic.

This JAMA Patient Page describes common causes of accidental poisoning, risk reduction, and what to do in case of an accidental poisoning.