This randomized trial assesses the effect of adjuvant therapy with camrelizumab after chemoradiotherapy on 3-year event-free survival among patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

This clinical trial compares the efficacy of inhaled sevoflurane vs intravenous propofol for sedation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

This Review summarizes the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of chronic myeloid leukemia.

This study examines the use of preventive lung, breast, and colorectal cancer screening among eligible and ineligible US adults.

This Viewpoint examines the US Food and Drug Administration’s efforts to reduce the amount of sodium in various major food categories to help decrease excess sodium intake and its associated cardiovascular risks among US residents.

Listen to the JAMA Editor’s Summary for an overview and discussion of the important articles appearing in JAMA.

To the Editor A recent trial reported that, compared with usual care, personalized text message reminders did not improve medication adherence among adults with cardiovascular diseases. Several issues warrant further discussions.

Performing patient-related work during paid time off (PTO) has been associated with burnout. But clinicians are struggling to disconnect fully, according to the results of a small retrospective study.

After the 2022 Supreme Court ruling in Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization, 26 states authorized full or partial abortion bans that led to concerns about declines in the obstetrics and gynecology (OB-GYN) workforce in these areas. Research recently published in JAMA Internal Medicine confirms this shift.

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently approved the first generic versions of the anticoagulant rivaroxaban, marketed as Xarelto, to reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events in adults with coronary artery disease (CAD) and major thrombotic vascular events in adults with peripheral artery disease (PAD).

Although the prevalence of adult cigarette smoking in the US remains at its lowest level in 60 years, overall tobacco use has not changed in recent years due to the increase in vaping, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported.

Music in its many forms is an important complementary healing modality. Programs such as MusiCorps aid wounded veterans in recovering from the trauma of war; world-renowned cellist Yo-Yo Ma speaks often of music’s therapeutic power. No wonder countless physicians are also accomplished musicians. With its emphasis on language’s musical qualities, ranging from percussive spoken word to metrical formal verse, poetry also harbors a comparable healing potential. In “The Survivors,” we experience how music heals in both these vernaculars, first in its overt depiction of a piano concerto played in a hospital lobby, and then expressed in the measured, syllabic stanzas of the poem itself (that call to mind the stanzaic structure of another poem linking music and healing, John Donne’s “Hymn to God, My God, in My Sickness”). Music’s capacity for connecting us, thus soothing suffering’s isolation, is more than our immersion in Chopin’s mellifluence, but is further illustrated by the poem’s central image of an audience of both patients and passersby gathered in a circle around the performer, himself a former patient. That music and poetry can somehow both contain and unlock intense emotions is dramatized in the pianist’s fingers flying across the keys, and felt in the sound created, as “…liberating, like/White birds mixed with black, a fierce flock/Of notes into the hospital’s vaulted lobby.” As the poem concludes, we realize that we are all “the survivors” of the poem’s title, joined, like Joshua and those drawn to hear his performance, in the universal struggle to confront our shared mortality.

His name, Joshua, holds the old promise Of a land beyond illness, where anyone Like him might return and play, for the First time, or last, the baby grand, donated To honor the physicians who poisoned, Beyond their certainty, his unruly cells.

The successful application of curative-intent immunotherapy in locally advanced, previously untreated head, neck, and nasopharynx cancer has been an aspirational goal since the first evidence that checkpoint blockade immunotherapy was able to elicit significant responses and even potential cures in patients with first-line recurrent or metastatic disease. This issue of JAMA features 2 reports on the curative application of immunotherapy, 1 in each disease. Haddad et al report on the IMvoke010 trial of adjuvant immunotherapy with atezolizumab for squamous cell cancer of the head and neck, and Liang et al report on the DIPPER trial of adjuvant immunotherapy with camrelizumab for nasopharynx cancer. Both phase 3 randomized trials gave adjuvant immunotherapy after definitive therapy. There are interesting lessons from both trials and the results are informative for future efforts regarding both of these biologically distinct cancers.

Obstetric hemorrhage remains the leading cause of maternal mortality, accounting for about 27% of deaths during pregnancy and the following 6 weeks, a new study has found.

This JAMA Insights provides an evidence-based summary for discussing information about breast density with patients, including discussions that involve shared decision-making.

Updated guidelines for managing chronic kidney disease (CKD) now recommend that all patients with type 2 diabetes use sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, according to a synopsis published in Annals of Internal Medicine.

To the Editor A recent randomized trial reported that personalized patient data and behavioral prompts improved chronic cardiovascular medication adherence at 3 months by 5.2 percentage points compared with the usual care group, but the effect was attenuated at 12 months. I would like to raise 3 concerns about potential bias in this study due to missing data.

This Medical News article discusses how the Trump administration’s dismantling of diversity, equity, and inclusion could halt progress made in enrolling clinical trial participants who represent the patient populations likely to use the treatments being tested.

In Reply We thank Dr Pei and Dr Yuan and colleagues for interest in our study. We conducted a patient-level rather than a cluster-level randomized study because our intervention did not require specialized staff to deliver the intervention and the intervention utilizing text messages was delivered directly to patients. Intervention contamination could have occurred if patients in the intervention group communicated with those in the usual care group about the text messages and changed their medication refill behavior as a result. This scenario is possible, but the likelihood seems low.

This Viewpoint discusses the need to approach the measles outbreak in the US with scientifically based recommendations for immunization and infection control.

This study evaluates the amount of out-of-pocket cost savings Medicare Part D beneficiaries would have experienced if a proposed Medicare $2 drug list model had been in place in 2021.

To the Editor Dr Grover’s Viewpoint emphasizes the importance of incorporating health policy education into medical curricula. As a medical student, I concur that it is essential for trainees to understand how health policy intersects with clinical practice given the implications for patient outcomes, access to care, and resource allocation. Furthermore, without an understanding of how practical policy action can remedy inequities, advocacy alone is insufficient.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by hypoxemic respiratory failure and inflammatory injury to the lungs, and occurs in 10% of all intensive care unit admissions. ARDS accounts for nearly a quarter of all patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation and is associated with hospital mortality approaching 30% to 40%. There are multiple large randomized trials on how to ventilate the patient with ARDS, when to prone the patient, and whether there is a role for adjunct therapy such as corticosteroids or neuromuscular blockade. There are few published data, however, on the optimal sedation strategy for patients with ARDS.